A Comparative Study of Neuroprotective Effects of Human Adipose and Dental Pulp Derived Stem Cells on Hypoxic SH-SY5Y Cells Exposed to CoCl2

Background and purpose: Recent studies have demonstrated the promising effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in some neurodegenerative diseases and proved their neuroprotective effects. But, the detailed pathways and the ability of MSCs from various sources has not been fully investigated. Materials and methods: Here, we isolated MSCs from two sources; adipose tissue and dental pulp, and compared the neuroprotective effects of adipose derived stem cells-conditioned media (ADSCs-CM) and dental pulp derived stem cells-conditioned media (DPSCs-CM) on SH-SY5Y cells exposed to Cobaltous chloride(CoCl2) as a model of hypoxia-induced neural damage. SH-SY5Y cells exposed to CoCl2 were treated with ADSCs-CM and DPSCs-CM and the cell viability, apoptosis, and cellular damage were determined by AlamarBlue ®assay, propidium iodide (PI) test, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, respectively. Results: According to AlamarBlue® results, both ADSCs-CM and DPSCs-CM showed protective effects on SH-SY5Y cells exposed to CoCl2 at 0.6 mM for 12 and 24 h. Furthermore, ADSCs-CM could protect SH-SY5Y cells against hypoxic condition more intensively at all CoCl2 concentrations and various incubation incubation periods (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). However, there were no significant differences between ADSCs-CM and DPSCs-CM. Also, ADSCs-CM and DPSCs-CM could considerably reduce the LDH release and apoptotic cells when SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to 0.6 mM CoCl2 for 24 h. Conclusion: The study indicated that both ADSCs-CM and DPSCs-CM have neuroprotective effects on hypoxic SH-SY5Y cells through reduction of apoptotic cells and release of LDH.